Patients with macular edema who are nonresponsive to repeated intravitreal injection may have undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, reports Healio.

“Follow those patients in your practice who are on their 7th, 8th or 9th injection in a 12-month period and consider referring them to a pulmonologist or sleep study center to confirm or deny the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, as this may be the underlying cause to their poor response to intravitreal treatment.”